Swedish Citizenship by Naturalisation — Medborgarskap genom Ansökan
Swedish citizenship by naturalisation (medborgarskap genom ansökan) is administered by Migrationsverket under Lag (2001:82) om svenskt medborgarskap.
SFS 2026:447 takes force on 6 June 2026, raising the general residence requirement from five to eight years, introducing CEFR B1 reading + A2 speaking/listening Swedish-language proficiency, a samhällskunskap test, a försörjningskrav set at three income base amounts per year (inkomstbasbelopp), and a strengthened hederligt levnadssätt standard. Parliament rejected transitional provisions for pending applications by 147-146; all applications decided on or after 6 June 2026 are assessed under the new rules.
Estimated time
Application preparation 1–3 months for document gathering; current Migrationsverket processing time reports 75% of recently decided cases within 56 months for adult naturalisation, and 75% within 3 months for Nordic-citizen notification (anmälan)
Cost
kr1,500 application fee for adult naturalisation; kr475 for Nordic-citizen notification (anmälan); kr0 for stateless persons with refugee travel documents; ancillary budget for certified translations and document procurement varies by country of origin
What You Need
Tap to check off items as you gather them
Additional Items
- Pre-6-June-2026 regime (still operative through early June 2026): 5-year general residence (hemvistkrav); shortened residence periods — Nordic citizens 2 years, spouse / registered partner / cohabitant of a Swedish citizen with at least 2 years cohabitation 3 years, stateless persons 4 years, refugees 4 years; orderly conduct (skötsamt liv); no formal Swedish-language test; no formal samhällskunskap test; no formal försörjningskrav.
- Post-6-June-2026 regime (in force from 6 June 2026 under SFS 2026:447): 8-year general residence; shortened residence periods — Nordic citizens 2 years (unchanged), stateless persons 5 years, refugees 7 years, spouse / registered partner / cohabitant of a Swedish citizen 7 years, young adults under 21 with five years residence 7 years, applicants who cannot prove identity 10 years; Swedish-language proficiency at CEFR B1 (reading and listening) and CEFR A2 (speaking and writing) for applicants aged 16-66; samhällskunskap test administered by UHR; försörjningskrav at three income base amounts per year; strengthened hederligt levnadssätt covering debts, restraining orders, and organisational ties outside Sweden.
- Self-sufficiency calculation (post-reform regime, 2026 figures): the income base amount (inkomstbasbelopp) for 2026 is set at SEK 83,400. Three income base amounts equals SEK 250,200 per year, approximately SEK 20,850 per month before tax. Migrationsverket's news-archive phrases this as approximately SEK 20,000 per month before tax. Income must come from the applicant's own employment, self-employment, or pension; partner income, household assets, capital gains, and temporary employment do not count. The applicant must not have received försörjningsstöd (income support) for more than a total of six months during the qualifying period. The inkomstbasbelopp is revised annually — verify the current figure at application time on Migrationsverket's webbpage.
- Test infrastructure status (as of 2026-05-18): the Swedish Council for Higher Education (Universitets- och högskolerådet, UHR) administers both tests at the Stockholm test location. The samhällskunskap test was scheduled for August 2026. The Swedish-language test was officially delayed to October 2027 after UHR and Stockholm University statements on capacity constraints. Migrationsverket has indicated the language and society-knowledge requirements still apply formally from 6 June 2026; applicants will be required to demonstrate compliance once the tests are available.
- Notification (anmälan) pathway scope from 6 June 2026: restricted to (a) adult Nordic citizens; (b) stateless children and young adults born in Sweden; (c) fathers of children born outside marriage and outside Sweden before 1 April 2015. Other subsidiary notification routes for non-Nordic young adults aged 18-20 with five years of residence close on the force date.
- Children's applications: under pre-reform rules, children may be included in a parent's application without an additional fee. From 6 June 2026, each child must submit a separate application — verify per-child fee at application time on Migrationsverket's avgifter page.
- Dual citizenship: Sweden has permitted dual citizenship since 2001. Applicants are not required to renounce other nationalities. Confirm your country-of-origin nationality law independently — some countries do not permit dual citizenship from their side.
Step-by-Step
- 1
Confirm Your Citizenship Pathway
- Identify whether you fall under (a) the naturalisation (ansökan) pathway — the dominant route for adult foreign residents; (b) the anmälan notification pathway — privileged route for Nordic citizens (Denmark, Finland, Iceland, Norway), Swedish-born stateless children and young adults, and certain fathers of children born outside marriage and outside Sweden before 1 April 2015; or (c) automatic acquisition by birth or descent (jus sanguinis under §§ 1-3 of the Citizenship Act).
- If you are a Nordic citizen, the anmälan route has a 2-year residence requirement, a SEK 475 fee, and an indicative 3-month processing benchmark — separate from the full naturalisation procedure.
- If you fall under (c), no application is required — verify with Migrationsverket whether documentation of your existing citizenship is needed for a passport application.
💡 Tip: Nordic-citizen anmälan requires a clean record for the preceding five years — Du ska inte ha varit dömd till fängelse eller annat frihetsberövande straff under de senaste fem åren.
- 2
Evaluate Timing Against the 6 June 2026 Reform
- Identify whether your case is likely to be decided before or after 6 June 2026, the force date of SFS 2026:447. Decisions issued before that date are assessed under pre-reform rules (5-year general residence, no formal language or society test, no formal försörjningskrav, lighter hederligt levnadssätt standard); decisions issued from 6 June 2026 onwards are assessed under the post-reform rules (8-year general residence, B1 reading + A2 speaking/listening Swedish, samhällskunskap test, försörjningskrav at three income base amounts per year, strengthened hederligt levnadssätt).
- Migrationsverket reports 56 months for 75% of recently decided naturalisation cases. For any new submission, the post-reform regime is overwhelmingly likely to apply at decision.
- Plan documentation for the post-reform regime: passport, residence permit history, income documentation covering the qualifying period, and (once UHR tests are operational) Swedish-language and society-knowledge test certificates.
⚠️ Watch out: Parliament rejected transitional protections by a single vote of 147-146; pending applications will be assessed under the new rules. Submitting before 6 June 2026 does not lock in pre-reform rules unless your case is decided before that date. Source: Migrationsverket news archive 2026-05-06; Riksdagen Socialförsäkringsutskottet 2026-04-28.
- 3
Gather Application Documents
- Assemble your valid passport (or identity card from a competent national authority); a passport can be accepted as proof of identity even if its period of validity has expired.
- Compile documentation of your residence permit history: permanent residence permit (permanent uppehållstillstånd, PUT), uppehållsstatus, uppehållsrätt (EU/EEA citizens, with continuous proof for the qualifying period), or uppehållskort.
- For applications assessed under post-reform rules: assemble pay slips (lönespecifikationer), employment contract, tax records from Skatteverket, business income statements, or pension documentation covering the qualifying period — partner income, household assets, and temporary employment do not count toward försörjningskrav.
- If documents are not in Swedish, Danish, Norwegian, Finnish, or English, arrange certified translation by an auktoriserad translator.
💡 Tip: EU/EEA citizens relying on uppehållsrätt must provide continuous proof of right-of-residence for the full qualifying period (employment contract, business registration evidence, sufficient-funds proof, or study-enrolment documentation). Gaps may reset the qualifying clock.
- 4
Pay the Fee and Submit via Mina sidor
Mina sidor
- Log into Migrationsverket's Mina sidor portal at migrationsverket.se using BankID.
- Complete the online application form. Applicants without BankID may use paper form blankett 316011, available from Migrationsverket.
- Pay the application fee: SEK 1,500 for adult naturalisation, SEK 475 for Nordic-citizen anmälan, or SEK 0 if you are a stateless person with a refugee travel document (verify exemption on Migrationsverket's avgifter page).
- Upload supporting documents as PDFs and submit. Migrationsverket may issue a komplettering request if documents are missing.
- 5
Attend Identity-Check Appointment if Summoned
- Migrationsverket may summon you to one of its six service locations for a personal-appearance identity check. Bring your passport or identity card and any documents Migrationsverket has specified in the summons.
- The identity check is a procedural verification step, not a substantive interview on the application merits.
- After the check, Migrationsverket continues case processing — no immediate decision is issued at the appointment.
- 6
Wait for the Decision
- Migrationsverket reports that 75% of recently decided adult naturalisation cases are decided within 56 months. Nordic-citizen anmälan cases are decided within 3 months for 75% of recent cases.
- Monitor your case status through Mina sidor.
- If your case has been pending for more than six months, you have the right to file a dröjsmålstalan — a written request that Migrationsverket decide the case under the Förvaltningslag.
- Migrationsverket allows withdrawal of an application at any point before a decision is issued (the fee is not refunded).
💡 Tip: Receiving income support (försörjningsstöd) for more than a total of six months during the qualifying period disqualifies an applicant from meeting the post-reform självförsörjande criterion.
- 7
Attend the Citizenship Ceremony (Voluntary)
- Once Migrationsverket grants citizenship, the grant is effective on the decision — attendance at a ceremony is not required for citizenship to take effect.
- Kommuner (municipalities) organise medborgarskapsceremonier on the National Day of Sweden, 6 June each year. Attendance is voluntary and celebratory.
- After the grant, apply for a Swedish passport through Polismyndigheten (Swedish Police Authority); a Swedish national identity card is also available through Skatteverket.
Local Tips from the Community
- Migrationsverket assesses applications under the rules in force at the decision date, not the submission date — for naturalisation cases with a 56-month processing-time benchmark, this is the single most consequential procedural fact to internalise before applying.
- Sweden permits dual citizenship: applicants are not required to renounce other nationalities, and a Swedish citizen who acquires another nationality is not required to relinquish svenskt medborgarskap.
- Mina sidor — Migrationsverket's online e-service — is the primary submission route and requires Swedish e-identification (BankID). Paper application is available via blankett 316011 for applicants without BankID.
- If your case has been pending for more than six months, you have the right to file a dröjsmålstalan (a written request that Migrationsverket decide the case) under the Förvaltningslag.
- Nordic citizens (Denmark, Finland, Iceland, Norway) follow a separate, faster, cheaper anmälan (notification) pathway with a 2-year residence threshold and a 3-month indicative processing time — see step 1.
What Could Go Wrong
Submit application via Mina sidor: Application uploaded without complete identity documentation
Recovery: Migrationsverket may issue a komplettering request asking you to upload missing documents. Respond promptly via Mina sidor — delays in supplying documents extend the case timeline. A passport can be accepted as proof of your identity even if its period of validity has expired.
Wait for decision: More than six months elapse without a decision
Recovery: You have the right to file a dröjsmålstalan — a written request that Migrationsverket decide the case. Submit via Mina sidor or by post. Migrationsverket must then either decide the case or refuse to decide within four weeks, the latter being appealable.
Evaluate timing of application against 6 June 2026 reform: Application submitted before 6 June 2026 in expectation that pre-reform rules will be applied
Recovery: Pre-reform rules apply only to cases decided before 6 June 2026. Given the 56-month processing benchmark, this is unlikely for a new submission. Plan for assessment under the post-reform criteria: 8-year residence, B1 reading + A2 speaking/listening Swedish, society-knowledge test, försörjningskrav at three income base amounts per year, and strengthened hederligt levnadssätt. Migrationsverket allows withdrawal at any point before decision (fee is not refunded).
Costs
| Item | Amount | Payment | Notes |
|---|---|---|---|
| Adult naturalisation application fee (medborgarskap för vuxna) | kr1,500 | Online via Mina sidor or bank transfer per Migrationsverket instructions | Avgift: 1 500 kr — Migrationsverket statutory application fee for adult naturalisation. Unchanged between pre-reform and post-reform regimes at the time of writing. |
| Citizenship by notification — Nordic citizen (anmälan) | kr475 | Online via Mina sidor or bank transfer per Migrationsverket instructions | Avgift för anmälan för nordisk medborgare: 475 kr — Migrationsverket fee for the Nordic-citizen notification pathway (Denmark, Finland, Iceland, Norway). Requires no imprisonment sentence in the preceding five years. |
| Stateless person with refugee travel document | kr0 | N/A | Migrationsverket exempts stateless refugees from the application fee. Verify exemption eligibility on Migrationsverket's avgifter page at application time. Waived if: Applicant holds a refugee travel document issued under the 1951 Convention |
| Certified translation of foreign civil-status documents (Optional) | kr1,000–kr4,000 | Varies by translator (auktoriserad translator) | Birth certificates, marriage certificates, and name-change documents from outside Sweden, Denmark, Finland, Iceland, or Norway typically require certified translation by an auktoriserad translator. Range varies by document length and language pair. Waived if: Documents already in Swedish or English |
- Payment:
- Online via Mina sidor or bank transfer per Migrationsverket instructions
- Notes:
- Avgift: 1 500 kr — Migrationsverket statutory application fee for adult naturalisation. Unchanged between pre-reform and post-reform regimes at the time of writing.
- Payment:
- Online via Mina sidor or bank transfer per Migrationsverket instructions
- Notes:
- Avgift för anmälan för nordisk medborgare: 475 kr — Migrationsverket fee for the Nordic-citizen notification pathway (Denmark, Finland, Iceland, Norway). Requires no imprisonment sentence in the preceding five years.
- Payment:
- N/A
- Notes:
- Migrationsverket exempts stateless refugees from the application fee. Verify exemption eligibility on Migrationsverket's avgifter page at application time.
- Waived if:
- Applicant holds a refugee travel document issued under the 1951 Convention
- Payment:
- Varies by translator (auktoriserad translator)
- Notes:
- Birth certificates, marriage certificates, and name-change documents from outside Sweden, Denmark, Finland, Iceland, or Norway typically require certified translation by an auktoriserad translator. Range varies by document length and language pair.
- Waived if:
- Documents already in Swedish or English
FAQ
General
I submitted my citizenship application in 2023 and it has not yet been decided. Which rules will apply to me?
The rules in force at the decision date. Migrationsverket has stated that the new rules introduced by SFS 2026:447 apply from 6 June 2026 without transitional arrangements. The Swedish Migration Agency will assess all applications according to the new rules after that date, even if you applied before that date and your case has not been decided before 6 June 2026. Parliament rejected an opposition amendment to introduce transitional provisions by 147 votes against 146. Given the 56-month current processing benchmark, the cohort of applicants whose case is decided before 6 June 2026 is small relative to the total pending population. Source: Migrationsverket news archive 2026-05-06; Riksdagen Socialförsäkringsutskottet committee statement 2026-04-28.
What changes on 6 June 2026 for adult naturalisation?
Under SFS 2026:447, the general residence requirement rises from five years to eight years, and applicants aged 16-66 must demonstrate Swedish-language proficiency at CEFR level B1 in reading and listening, CEFR level A2 in speaking and writing, pass a Swedish-society-knowledge test (samhällskunskap), demonstrate self-sufficiency (försörjningskrav) at three income base amounts per year, and meet a strengthened hederligt levnadssätt (honest conduct) standard that now considers debts, restraining orders, and organisational ties outside Sweden in addition to criminal record. Shortened residence periods also change: spouses or cohabitants of Swedish citizens rise from 3 to 7 years; refugees from 4 to 7 years; stateless persons from 4 to 5 years; applicants who cannot prove identity face a 10-year requirement. The Nordic-citizen 2-year residence threshold is preserved.
Is the Swedish-language test operational from 6 June 2026?
No. The Swedish Council for Higher Education (Universitets- och högskolerådet, UHR) administers both the language test and the society-knowledge test at the Stockholm test location. The civics (society-knowledge) test was scheduled for August 2026; the language test was officially delayed to October 2027 following UHR and Stockholm University statements on capacity constraints. Migrationsverket has indicated that the language and society-knowledge requirements still apply formally from 6 June 2026, and applicants will be required to demonstrate compliance once the tests become available. Source: Migrationsverket news archive 2026-05-06; The Local Sweden coverage of UHR statements, accessed 2026-05-18.
Can I withdraw my application if the new rules disadvantage me?
Yes. Migrationsverket allows withdrawal at any point before a decision is issued — om du ångrar dig och vill ta tillbaka din ansökan. Withdrawal can be requested in writing or through Mina sidor. The application fee is not refunded. Source: Migrationsverket 'Du väntar på beslut om svenskt medborgarskap', accessed 2026-05-18.
Does Sweden allow dual citizenship?
Yes. Sweden has permitted dual citizenship since 2001. Naturalisation applicants are not required to renounce other nationalities, and Swedish citizens who acquire another nationality retain Swedish citizenship. Some other countries may not permit dual citizenship from their side — check your country-of-origin nationality law before applying. Source: Migrationsverket 'Citizenship for adults' (English), accessed 2026-05-18.
What is hederligt levnadssätt and how is it assessed?
Hederligt levnadssätt is the honest-conduct standard required under medborgarskapslagen (the Citizenship Act). Pre-reform, Migrationsverket assesses primarily criminal record and security-relevant factors. From 6 June 2026, the standard is strengthened: it considers debts, restraining orders, and organisational ties outside Sweden in addition to criminal record. The Swedish drafting also uses the closely related term skötsamt levnadssätt (orderly conduct) — both terms appear in legislative materials around the 2026 reform. No clean English translation captures the moral-framework nuance; both 'honest conduct' and 'honourable conduct' are partial renderings.
I am a Nordic citizen — does the reform affect my pathway?
Largely no. The 2-year residence threshold for Nordic citizens (Denmark, Finland, Iceland, Norway) is preserved under § 20 of the Citizenship Act, which exempts Nordic citizens from the permanent residence permit requirement. The Nordic-citizen notification (anmälan) pathway remains available for adults from 6 June 2026, with the SEK 475 fee and 3-month indicative processing time unchanged. Disqualifying condition: imprisonment or another deprivation-of-liberty sentence during the preceding five years. Other subsidiary notification routes for non-Nordic young adults aged 18–20 with five years of residence close on 6 June 2026.
I have lived in Sweden for 6 years and my spouse is Swedish. Should I apply now or wait?
There is no clean shortcut. Submitting before 6 June 2026 does not lock in the pre-reform spouse threshold of 3 years unless your case is decided before that date — which, given the 56-month average processing benchmark, is highly unlikely for a new submission. Under post-reform rules, the spouse pathway rises from 3 to 7 years. Practical implications depend on your individual situation; this is a question best put to a qualified migration adviser. The procedural answer is that residence is measured from the perspective of the decision date, not the application date.
What is dröjsmålstalan?
Dröjsmålstalan is a written request that Migrationsverket decide your case after six months of pending processing. The right is set out in the Förvaltningslag (Administrative Procedure Act) and is mirrored on Migrationsverket's 'Du väntar på beslut' page: om det har gått mer än sex månader sedan du ansökte eller anmälde om medborgarskap har du rätt att begära att Migrationsverket avgör ärendet. Filing dröjsmålstalan does not pre-judge the substantive outcome; it compels a decision within a reasonable timeframe.
After This Process
- → Apply for a Swedish passport through Polismyndigheten (Swedish Police Authority) once citizenship is granted
- → Apply for a Swedish national identity card through Skatteverket — useful for domestic identification in Sweden
- → If you plan to retain another nationality, confirm your country-of-origin nationality law on dual citizenship — Sweden permits dual citizenship but other states may not
- → Attend an optional medborgarskapsceremoni organised by your kommun on 6 June (Sweden's National Day) — voluntary and celebratory
Sources
- Migrationsverket — Citizenship for adults (English) (migrationsverket.se ↗)
- Migrationsverket — Medborgarskap för vuxna (Swedish) (migrationsverket.se ↗)
- Migrationsverket — New rules for Swedish citizenship from 6 June 2026 (migrationsverket.se ↗)
- Migrationsverket — Anmälan för Nordic citizens (migrationsverket.se ↗)
- Migrationsverket — Du väntar på beslut om svenskt medborgarskap (migrationsverket.se ↗)
- Riksdagen — Lag (2001:82) om svenskt medborgarskap (riksdagen.se ↗)
- Riksdagen — Socialförsäkringsutskottet committee statement (riksdagen.se ↗)
- Regeringen — press release on självförsörjning för medborgarskap (regeringen.se ↗)
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More in Sweden
9 sources cited last accessed 2026-05-18
T1 official portal · T2 embassy/consulate · T3 news · T4 community — higher tier wins on conflict. methodology →
- T1Migrationsverket — Citizenship for adults (English) 2026-05-18
Canonical English-language reference for the adult naturalisation pathway. Pre-reform residence periods (5 years general; 2 years Nordic; 3 years spouse with 2 years cohabitation; 4 years stateless; 4 years refugee). Adult application fee SEK 1,500. Stateless refugees with travel documents exempt from fee. 75% of recently decided cases decided within 56 months. Identity-proof options including expired passport accepted. EU/EEA right-of-residence proof for the qualifying period. Sweden permits dual citizenship since 2001 — applicants not required to renounce other nationalities. Personal-appearance identity check at one of Migrationsverket's six service locations.
migrationsverket.se - T1Migrationsverket — Medborgarskap för vuxna (Swedish) 2026-05-18
Canonical Swedish-language reference for adult naturalisation. Verbatim Avgift: 1 500 kr. Verbatim Du ska ha bott i Sverige i fem år (hemvisttid) — pre-reform formulation. Verbatim 75 % av nyligen avgjorda ärenden har avgjorts inom: 56 månader. Application is submitted via Mina sidor with BankID or via paper blankett 316011.
migrationsverket.se - T1Migrationsverket — news archive 2026-05-06 2026-05-18
Reform overview: residence requirement rises from five to eight years general, with shortened periods of 2 years (Nordic citizens), 5 years (stateless, previously 4), 7 years (refugees, previously 4), 7 years (spouse / registered partner / cohabitant of a Swedish citizen, previously 3), 7 years (young adults under 21), 10 years (applicants who cannot prove identity). Försörjningskrav at three income base amounts per year, approximately SEK 20,000 per month before tax. Income support disqualifier: not received försörjningsstöd for more than a total of six months. Tests administered by UHR in Stockholm; civics test scheduled August 2026, language test at a later stage. Hederligt levnadssätt strengthened. Children's individual-application requirement from 6 June 2026. Verbatim: the new rules for applications will apply from 6 June without any transitional arrangements; the Swedish Migration Agency will assess all applications for Swedish citizenship according to the new rules after 6 June 2026, even if you applied before that date and your case has not been decided before 6 June.
migrationsverket.se - T1Migrationsverket — Anmälan för Nordic citizens 2026-05-18
Nordic-citizen notification pathway (Denmark, Finland, Iceland, Norway). Verbatim Avgift för anmälan för nordisk medborgare: 475 kr. 5-year residence requirement pre-reform. 75% of recently decided cases decided within 3 months. Verbatim disqualifier: Du ska inte ha varit dömd till fängelse eller annat frihetsberövande straff under de senaste fem åren. Adult Nordic-citizen anmälan remains available under post-reform rules.
migrationsverket.se - T1Migrationsverket — Du väntar på beslut 2026-05-18
Six-month dröjsmålstalan right — om det har gått mer än sex månader sedan du ansökte eller anmälde om medborgarskap har du rätt att begära att Migrationsverket avgör ärendet. Withdrawal right at any point before decision — om du ångrar dig och vill ta tillbaka din ansökan.
migrationsverket.se - T1Sveriges riksdag — Lag (2001:82) om svenskt medborgarskap 2026-05-18
Canonical statutory text. § 11 sets adult naturalisation criteria (identity, residence, conduct, self-sufficiency, language and society knowledge — the last two added by SFS 2026:447). § 7 and § 8 cover notification pathways for children and young adults. § 20 — verbatim — Det som föreskrivs i denna lag om krav på permanent uppehållstillstånd gäller inte för den som är medborgare i Danmark, Finland, Island eller Norge — Nordic-citizen exemption from the PUT requirement. SFS 2026:447 is the amending statute with force date 6 June 2026.
riksdagen.se - T1Sveriges riksdag — Socialförsäkringsutskottet committee statement 2026-04-28 2026-05-18
Committee statement on proposition 2025/26:SfU28 — the parliamentary basis for SFS 2026:447. Records the 28 April 2026 committee decision, the reform scope, opposition reservations from the Social Democrats, Left Party, Greens, and Centre Party, and the rejection of transitional protections for pending applications (147 votes against transitional provisions, 146 in favour — single-vote margin). The Centre Party additionally proposed a 5-year alternative residence path for applicants who had paid at least SEK 500,000 in taxes; this proposal also failed.
riksdagen.se - T1Regeringen — Justitiedepartementet press release 2026-05-18
Government press release announcing the självförsörjningskrav proposal: three income base amounts per year as the threshold. Inkomstbasbelopp 2026 is set at SEK 83,400; three income base amounts equals SEK 250,200 per year. Underlying inquiry: SOU 2025:1 supplementary memorandum. Ministerial attribution to Justitiedepartementet.
regeringen.se - T2US Library of Congress — Global Legal Monitor 2026-05-18
Government-affiliated foreign-law analysis of the 2026 Swedish citizenship reform. Corroborates the 147-146 vote rejection of transitional protections, the SFS 2026:447 amending statute citation, and the substantive reform scope (8-year residence; B1 reading + A2 speaking/listening Swedish; samhällskunskap test; försörjningskrav; strengthened hederligt levnadssätt).
loc.gov